CHOLECYSTECTOMY (LAPAROSCOPIC)
Indication: Symptomatic cholelithiasis (biliary colic, acute cholecystitis, gallstone pancreatitis). Standard approach for most patients with gallstone disease.
Patient Position: Supine, reverse Trendelenburg with left lateral tilt.
Anaesthesia: General.
Prophylactic Antibiotics: Per local protocol (not routinely required for elective cases).