OPERATION: Rubber Band Ligation of Internal Haemorrhoids
ANAESTHETIC: None required — procedure performed without sedation or local anaesthesia
POSITION: Prone jack-knife
INDICATION:
Symptomatic Grade I, II, or III internal haemorrhoids — [bleeding / prolapse]. Grade IV haemorrhoids less likely to benefit. External haemorrhoids excluded (band ligation contraindicated). Colonoscopy / proctoscopy performed to exclude proximal pathology in patients with rectal bleeding. Disposable enema administered immediately pre-procedure to evacuate the rectum. Immunocompromised patients — band ligation strongly discouraged due to risk of sepsis.